Thyroid Nodules
Study guide:
Thyroid nodules/neoplasms:
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90% of the thyroid nodules are benign.
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To detect the nodule in palpation → it should be 1 cm or more in size
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Our aim in case of thyroid nodule presence is to determine if it is benign or malignant:
Diagnoses and treatment:
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Start with detecting the level of TSH:
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If low → evaluate for hyperthyroidism and scan
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If high → evaluate for hypothyroidism and US → if US confirms nodules → fine needle aspiration (FNA)
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If normal → FNA:
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FNA → malignant →surgery
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FNA → benign → observe
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FNA → suspicious or follicular neoplasm → 123 I scan (if cold ‘no function‘ →surgery, if hot ‘hyper function‘ → observe).
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References:
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Agabegi S, Agabegi E, Ring A. Step-up to medicine. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013.
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Aafp.org. Thyroid and Parathyroid Disorders - American Family Physician [Internet]. 2015 [cited 23 December 2015]. Available from: http://www.aafp.org/afp/topicModules/viewTopicModule.htm?topicModuleId=67
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Lipsky M, King M. Blueprints family medicine. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011.
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Sattar H. Fundamentals of pathology. Chicago: Pathoma.com; 2011.
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Kaplan. Kaplan lecture notes, Medicine, 2014.
Written by: Rawan Al-Tuwaijri
Reviewed by: Jumana AlJohani
Bassam Alghamdi
Format Editor: Roaa Amer
Website publisher: Adel Yasky
Bayan Alzomaili