Hematology at a Glance
Study guide:


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Notes:
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Activated protein C & S will inhibit factors 5 and 8:
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Thus, inhibiting coagulation.
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Factor 5 leiden mutation:
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Resistance of factor 5 to be turned off by protein C:
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Thus, causing thrombosis.
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Anti-thrombin III will inhibit factor 2:
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Potentiated by heparin.
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Vitamin K deficiency will cause elevated PT and PTT “both”.
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Warfarin stops the extrinsic pathway:
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You need a “gun” for the “War”!
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Heparin inhibits the intrinsic pathway:
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Heparin infusion need to be continuous infusion in “long” IV “line”.
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Factors that activate the extrinsic pathway:
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Collagen
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Platelets
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Prekallikren
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HMW-kininogen
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Factors that activate the intrensic pathway:
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Tissue factor (thromboplastin).
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Factor 8 deficiency= Hemophilia A.
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Factor 9 deficiency= Hemophilia B.
Coagulation Cascade at a glance:
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Use regular numbers not Latin for the factors.
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Count from 12 to 1 in a straight line.
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Factors 3, 4,6 Do NOT exist in the cascade.
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Factors 5 and 8 are not true factors, they are cofactors:
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Put them above the line.
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Factor 7 is lucky and should always be in your pocket:
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Put it below the line.
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Factors on the straight line = INTRESNSIC pathway = PTT.
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Factors on the short “Gun-like” line = EXTRENSIC pathway= PT.
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The green triangle signifies the vitamin K dependent factors.
Normal PTT but abnormal PT in a child with hemarthrosis: suspect factor 7 deficiency!

The patient is on heparin but no response and normal PTT: suspect antithrombin III deficiency!
Newborn presented with bleeding from the umbilical stump, hemarthrosis, and hematoma. Platelet count, PT, and PTT are all normal: suspect factor 13 deficiency!
References:
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Goljan, E. (2014). Rapid review pathology. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier.
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Sattar, H. (2011). Fundamentals of pathology. Chicago: Pathoma.com.
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Mnemonic, P., 3, M., Calling, A., Brain, B. and Residency, P. (2016). Black Friday Anemia. [online] The Barone Zone. Available at: http://www.baronerocks.com/index.php [Accessed 10 Nov. 2016].
Written by: Roaa Amer
Reviewed by: Raed Alshammari
Mohammed Muheib
Web Publisher: Seba AlMutairi